Delayed Diagnosis of a Traumatic Popliteal Arteriovenous Fistula After 54 Years: Case Report, Surgical Management, and Literature Review

This case demonstrates that traumatic popliteal arteriovenous fistulas can have an exceptionally prolonged latency period, emphasising the need for clinical vigilance and comprehensive diagnostic imaging, even in patients with a remote history of trauma. Although endovascular treatments are increasingly favoured, open surgical repair remains a crucial and effective option for particularly complex post-traumatic popliteal arteriovenous fistulas.