PdRuS _<i>x</i> /MoS ₂ Nanosheets Decorated B, N-Doped Carbon/MoO ₂ Nanotubes for Boosted Peroxidase-like Activity and Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanosheets (NSs) face inherent challenges in enzyme-mimetic catalysis, including easy aggregation and limited charge transport efficiency, which greatly restrict catalytic activity and durability. To address these issues, we developed a hierarchical tubular architecture (PdRuS_<i>x</i>/MoS₂/MoO₂@BNCMTs) through a carbonized organic-polymer-mediated self-sacrificial templating strategy. This innovative approach enables the simultaneous deposition of polymorphic metal sulfides onto MoS₂ substrates, creating heterostructured interfaces that synergistically enhance electron transfer kinetics and catalytic activity. The one-dimensional (1D) nitrogen and boron co-doped carbon tubular framework (BNCMTs) not only prevents MoS₂ restacking but also provides abundant active sites for substrate adsorption and conversion. Experimental investigations revealed that the PdRuS_<i>x</i>/MoS₂ heterojunction forms a triphasic catalytic interface with the conductive nitrogen and boron co-doped carbon and metallic MoO₂ matrix, significantly accelerating redox reaction dynamics. This structural optimization manifests in superior catalytic efficiency for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction and peroxidase-mimicking activity, achieving a H₂O₂ detection platform. By integrating polymorphic sulfide engineering with conductive carbon support, this work establishes a scalable strategy to bridge heterogeneous catalysis and biomimetic design principles.