Advancing Electronic Biosensors with 2D Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks

With their exceptionally high surface area, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been well-positioned as ideal materials for catalysis, drug delivery, and energy storage. However, for electronic biosensing applications, their inherently poor charge transport capability hinders the propagation of electrical signals through the MOF framework, reducing the efficiency with which interfacial binding events are converted into measurable signals. This limitation greatly restricts the effective detection of target analytes in electronic biosensing systems. 2D conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) have emerged as promising alternatives, combining large surface area with enhanced charge transport, making them attractive for highly sensitive electronic biosensors. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in 2D-c-MOF-based electronic biosensors, focusing on point-of-care (PoC) health monitoring and diagnostics. The key progresses in material synthesis and device fabrication to enable ultrasensitive detection for a wide range of relevant biomolecules are highlighted. Furthermore, the performance of these biosensors in terms of sensitivity and specificity across a diverse array of biomarkers is evaluated. Finally, objective perspectives toward future research directions of 2D c-MOFs in PoC and personalized healthcare are offered.