Radish Green Extract Attenuates Western Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Mice

This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of radish green (RG) extract, enriched in caffeoylmalic acid, against WD-induced obesity and MASLD in a mouse model. RG supplementation at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly attenuated WD-induced body weight gain, decreased fat mass, and reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, fasting glucose, and leptin levels. Additionally, RG markedly suppressed hepatic triglyceride accumulation and improved liver histology, significantly lowering nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity scores. Mechanistically, RG supplementation effectively inhibited hepatic and adipose tissue lipogenesis by downregulating key lipogenic enzymes (FAS, SREBP1, mTOR, ACC, SCD1, and ChREBP) and enhanced lipolytic activity through the increased expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase. Fecal metabolites showed positive correlations with most MASLD biomarkers, while serum metabolites showed negative correlations. These findings highlight RG's potential as a promising functional food ingredient for preventing and managing obesity and MASLD.