NbS to Enhance Bridge Resilience: Addressing Climate Change Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

Abstract Bridges are vital components of transportation infrastructure, yet they face increasing risks from climate change, including extreme weather events, flooding, and soil erosion. Nature‐based solutions (NbS) offer a sustainable and adaptive approach to enhancing bridge resilience by integrating natural processes and ecosystems into infrastructure design and management. This study investigates the potential of NbS in mitigating climate change impacts on bridges, focusing on strategies such as vegetative reinforcements, riparian buffer zones, wetland restoration, and bioengineered embankments. These methods are assessed for their effectiveness in reducing flood risks, stabilising soils, and improving water flow management around bridge structures. The study also explores hybrid approaches that combine NbS with conventional engineering techniques to optimise resilience and functionality. By analysing previous case studies and evaluating performance metrics, this research highlights the environmental, economic, and operational benefits of NbS. Climate adaptation strategies will be proposed to sustainable infrastructure systems capable of withstanding future challenges.