Smart PSS integration and data security supervision in digital servitization supply chains: a network equilibrium perspective

Purpose This paper argues that data security risks severely hinder collaborative cooperation among supply chain members, while the integration level of platform operators in Smart Product Service Systems also profoundly shapes the evolution of digital servitization. Based on this, this paper focuses on the impact mechanisms of these two key factors on supply chain operational performance. Design/methodology/approach Based on network equilibrium theory, a digital servitization supply chain network model integrating platform integration level and data security supervision factors was constructed, and its applicability and effectiveness were verified through numerical simulation. Findings The research reveals that data security supervision significantly enhances the level of key decision variables, thereby improving the profit performance of supply chain members. Under intensified supervision, platform operators and technology providers face operational pressure, while raw material suppliers benefit. At the same time, the integration level of Smart Product Service Systems exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship with supply chain performance. The collaborative supervision mechanism reshapes consumer preferences through early-stage risk management of integration, highlighting the important governance role of the government in digital transformation. Originality/value This study emphasizes the pivotal role of data security supervision in the digital service-oriented supply chain and explores how the level of platform integration reshapes the equilibrium pattern of the supply chain network. It expands the theoretical boundaries of supply chain network equilibrium and provides valuable insights for manufacturing enterprises in their digital service-oriented transformation.