New Modulation of Fluoride Remineralization Against Dental Caries: an in Vitro Study

This study aims to assess the local application of a novel fluoride supplement modification, achieved by dissolving fluoride tablets in deionized water, to achieve concentrations of 2500 ppm on demineralized tooth surfaces, thereby demonstrating its effectiveness as a remineralizing agent. Materials and Methods: 10 permanent molars were employed. Each tooth is enrolled in Teflon tape, and only the enamel of the occlusal surface is exposed to a demineralizing solution (acid etch) for 45 seconds in vitro. The teeth are then randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 is treated with distilled water, and Group 2 is treated with a sodium fluoride solution. All groups except the control baseline group were treated with their respective remineralizing solutions for 10 days. Vickers' Microhardness Number (VHN) and Densometric X-Ray Analysis were completed at baseline, following demineralization, and subsequently 10 days after remineralization. Results: Densometric X-ray analysis and Microhardness Number (VHN) showed a remineralizing effect of sodium fluoride solution on enamel density and surface hardness after remineralization, with a significant difference observed after 10 days (p ≤ 0.05). The mean value in the group treated with sodium fluoride solution was higher than the recorded mean value for the group treated with distal water. Conclusion: Sodium fluoride solution is considered an effective remineralizing agent, significantly increasing enamel density and surface hardness.