Refractory Penile Condyloma Acuminatum in an Elderly Man Receiving Vedolizumab and Azathioprine

We report a case of an 83-year-old man who developed treatment-resistant penile condyloma acuminatum while receiving vedolizumab and azathioprine for ulcerative colitis. The patient had not engaged in sexual intercourse for more than five years. Laboratory findings revealed mild immunosuppression with decreased B-cell lymphocytes and low immunoglobulin A levels. The combined use of vedolizumab and azathioprine may have impaired genital mucosal immunity, leading to reactivation of latent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. To our knowledge, condyloma acuminatum developing during vedolizumab therapy has rarely been reported, and this case suggests a potential association between vedolizumab and HPV reactivation.