Propylene Carbonate-Mediated Multisolvent Dipole Regulation Enables Wide-Temperature Batteries

Attaining reliable performance in lithium-ion batteries across extreme temperature environments is a longstanding challenge. Here, we introduce a multisolvent strategy that harnesses synergistic dipole interactions by incorporating propylene carbonate into a methyl acetate-based electrolyte. On a molecular level, propylene carbonate modifies the Li+ solvation shell through stronger dipole interactions with the nonsolvent components. This promotes anion-rich coordination while displacing methyl acetate, thereby enhancing the reductive stability of the electrolyte, suppressing methyl acetate decomposition, and facilitating robust interphase film formation. In a LiFePO4-graphite full cell, this formulation retains 85% of the capacity after 100 cycles at 1 C under −20 °C and 93% after 100 cycles at 1 C under 60 °C. Furthermore, the gas evolution under high-temperature conditions has been significantly reduced. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of regulating the solvation structure through dipolar cosolvent engineering and provides an effective strategy for developing high-performance lithium-ion batteries with wide-temperature adaptability.