In₀.₅₃Ga₀.₄₇As-SOI-FinFET biosensor for ultra-sensitive point-of-care protein biomarker detection

This work presents the design, and analysis of an In₀.₅₃Ga₀.₄₇As-SOI-FinFET biosensor for high-sensitivity, label-free protein detection. Leveraging the unique electronic properties of indium gallium arsenide (In₀.₅₃Ga₀.₄₇As), this FinFET biosensor shows enhanced surface sensitivity and excellent electrostatic control, which are critical for precise biomolecular detection. Optimized for subthreshold and low-noise performance, the device structure provides a high surface-to-volume ratio that significantly improves the response to protein binding events. This work also shows the biosensor’s capability to detect low concentrations of target proteins by observing shifts in key electrical characteristics, including threshold voltage and drain current. Keratin (k = 10) shows higher sensitivity by 100.88%, 79.82%, and 93.96%, in terms of on-current, threshold voltage, and switching ratio, respectively, as compared to Glutenin (k = 5), Biotin (k = 2.63), and Streptavidin (k = 2.1). All the results confirm the biosensor’s potential for fast, reliable, and real-time detection of biomolecules, which could be transformative for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring applications. The findings highlight the In₀.₅₃Ga₀.₄₇As-SOI-FinFET’s advantages over traditional silicon-based sensors, establishing it as a promising candidate for next-generation biosensing technologies. In₀.₅₃Ga₀.₄₇As-SOI-FinFET biosensor offers high surface sensitivity, strong electrostatic control, and label-free protein detection. Device shows major electrical shifts; Keratin binding gives highest sensitivity with 100.88% rise in on-current. FinFET outperforms silicon sensors, emerging as a reliable platform for real-time biosensing in health and environment.