Factors influencing net ecosystem carbon change in cold-temperate coniferous forests of the Da Xing’an Mountains: analysis across developmental stages based on stand, structural, and environmental factors

This study provides a comprehensive, system-level analysis of the determinants of Net Ecosystem Carbon Change (NECC). By integrating multiple drivers, our work establishes a theoretical foundation for predicting Net Ecosystem Carbon Change (NECC) changes under global change scenarios. These insights are crucial for formulating effective forest management strategies to mitigate the challenges of climate change and biodiversity loss.