Dynamics of quantum information resources in two-flavor neutrino oscillations

Abstract The burgeoning intersection of particle physics and quantum information science unveils significant connections, particularly in the context of neutrinos–fundamental particles that challenge our understanding of mass, mixing, and coherence at the quantum level. This work investigates the quantum informational aspects of two-flavor neutrino oscillations, treating neutrino flavor change as a dynamic carrier of quantum resources in addition to a fundamental lepton physics phenomenon. Employing realistic experimental parameters from the Daya Bay, KamLAND, and MINOS experiments, we systematically evaluate four key quantum metrics: quantum coherence, entanglement, local quantum Fisher information (LQFI), and Bell non-locality. Our formalism utilizes time-dependent density matrices, incorporating environmental interactions modeled by a correlated dephasing channel to capture both Markovian (memoryless) and non-Markovian (memory-retaining) regimes. In the Markovian regime, coherence and LQFI exhibit exponential decay, with MINOS demonstrating the highest persistence of quantum features attributed to its long baseline (735 km) and high energy range (0.5–50 GeV). KamLAND, with a medium baseline and moderate energy, shows intermediate behavior, while Daya Bay’s short baseline limits the survival of these quantum properties. Notably, Bell non-locality violation in the Markovian regime is exclusive to MINOS under high classical correlation strength, whereas Daya Bay and KamLAND remain within classical bounds. Across both regimes, particularly the non-Markovian where information backflow enhances coherence and entanglement, MINOS consistently emerges as the most robust setup for the preservation of quantum information.