Tandem Takeoff: Powering Tomorrow with Industrial‐Grade Perovskite/Silicon Solar Cells
Abstract Surpassing the Shockley‐Queisser (S‐Q) limit to realize photovoltaic efficiencies that significantly exceed those of traditional silicon solar cells (SSCs) remains a fundamental aspiration within the solar energy research community. The advent of multi‐junction tandem cells presents a highly promising strategy to achieve this ambitious goal. Owing to their adjustable bandgaps and exceptional power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as leading candidates for the top cell position in tandem device architectures, thereby advancing the frontier of next‐generation photovoltaic technologies. Recent advancements have propelled the certified PCE of two‐terminal monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (PSTs) to 34.85% as of 2025, significantly surpassing the 27.81% efficiency of single‐junction crystalline silicon cells and the 27.3% achieved by standalone PSCs. This review synthesizes recent progress in the design and optimization of perovskite top cells, emphasizing strategies that enable highly efficient and stable monolithic PSTs. Particular attention is given to fabrication techniques that ensure robust integration of perovskite and charge transport layers onto the silicon substrate, whether the silicon surface is polished or textured. The review also examines state‐of‐the‐art approaches for modifying the bulk, surface, and interfaces of functional layers, as well as electrode engineering, all aimed at optimizing carrier transport and reducing recombination losses. Finally, the persistent challenges facing the field are discussed and perspectives and design guidelines are offered to propel future research directions, with the ultimate goal of advancing perovskite/silicon tandem technology toward widespread industrial adoption.
Authors
- Dimitrios Davazoglou
- Kuan Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-5270)
- Jordi Arbiol (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0695-1726)
- Maria Vasilopoulou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8893-1691)
- Emmanuel Kymakis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0257-1192)
- Jue Gong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8089-5796)
- Stephan Roche (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0323-4665)
- Onurcan Kaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-5486)
- Ioannis G. Aviziotis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-0768)
- Faming Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2785-6311)
- Abd. Rashid bin Mohd Yusoff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6871-6916)
- Di Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-9398)
- Ermioni Polydorou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4304-0005)
- Mingzhen Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8017-9706)
- Yinqing Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-4990)
- Lin Mao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-2788)
- Leonidas C. Palilis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-0354)
- Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-4786)
- Lei Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-2130)
- Hao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3221-5781)
Institutions
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Chongqing University (CN)
- National Technical University of Athens (GR)
- University of Patras (GR)
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" (GR)
- Mediterranean University (ME)
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ES)
- National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials (CN)
- University of Technology Malaysia (MY)
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Southeast University (CN)
- RMIT University (AU)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Advanced Energy Materials
- Published
- 2025-11-24
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202504478
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.73