EVALUATION OF ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT TRAITS OF BELARUSIAN-BRED POTATO HYBRIDS IN PRIMORSKIY KRAY

The research was conducted in 2023-2024 in Primorskiy Kray to assess the economic value of Belarusian-bred potato hybrids based on a set of traits to identify promising genotypes for breeding. The objects of study were six Belarusian-bred potato hybrids, the standard was mid-late Yantar variety. Meteorological conditions in 2023-2024 were characterized by elevated average monthly temperatures and uneven precipitation. Agricultural device was consistent with those adopted in Primorskiy Kray, the experimental plot soil was alluvial loam. All studied hybrids belong to mid-late ripening group (111…128 days after planting). The hybrid yield varied within 38.1…43.5 t/ha, marketability – 80.4…94.4%. The dry matter content in tubers ranged from 19.52 to 24.22%, starch – 13.16…17.57%. The studied hybrids had field resistance to viral and fungal diseases (5.0…8.0 points). Based on the results of organoleptic evaluation of tubers, samples with good and excellent taste (6.0…8.0 points), pulp cooking (1.0…5.0 points), crumbliness (7.0…9.0 points) were selected. Hybrids 20653-12 and 16P15-1 demonstrated the best yields, with yields of 43.5 and 43.2 t/ha, respectively, comparable to Yantar standard (43.5 t/ha). 16P15-1, 54-10-3 and 20653-12 lines demonstrated a combination of positive traits (yield of 40.0-43.5 t/ha, table quality of 7.0-9.0 points and resistance to fungal diseases of 7.0-9.0 points). The studied potato hybrids are of particular interest for breeding as sources of valuable traits.