Beyond Traditional Risk Factors: Inflammation, Asymmetric Dimethylarginine, and N-Terminal pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Predict Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease

Both traditional and non-traditional factors contribute to the CV burden in CKD. Biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (IL-6, ADMA) are independent predictors of NT-proBNP and provide prognostic value beyond classical determinants. Incorporating these biomarkers into risk stratification models may improve prediction and guide innovative therapeutic strategies to reduce CV morbidity and mortality in CKD.