Influencing Factors of Health Status of Clinical Doctors in Tertiary Medical Institutions Based on Structural Equation Modeling

<b>Objectives</b>: This study employs structural equation modeling to investigate the health status of clinicians in tertiary medical institutions and its influencing factors. <b>Methods</b>: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted on 743 clinicians from five hospitals selected through random sampling, collecting data on their physical health, mental health, social health, and overall health. The analysis examined influencing factors and their interrelationships. <b>Results</b>: The results revealed significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in physicians' scores across physical, mental, social, and overall health, with mental health scoring the lowest (58.85). Factors such as age, years of service, professional title, medical conditions, sleep duration, and exercise duration were significantly associated with clinicians' health status. Among the 108 physicians (14.5%) diagnosed with medical conditions, mental health scores were significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Clinicians aged 25~45 years, with 4~10 years of experience, and holding the title of Associate Chief Physician generally scored lower. Physicians with longer sleep duration and exercise duration scored higher in mental and social health. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that physical health is significantly and positively related to social health (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Good physical health is positively related to positive emotions and negatively related to negative emotions. Social support is positively correlated with cognitive function and negatively correlated with negative emotions; meanwhile, enhanced social adaptation shows a significant positive association with both cognitive function and emotional state. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study recommends paying particular attention to the health status of clinicians, especially the mental health of young physicians. It is suggested that comprehensive interventions be implemented across the three dimensions of physical, social, and psychological to enhance psychological resilience and perceptions of well-being.