<i>Citrus sinensis</i> extract in skin aging: a comprehensive review of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-health effects

Interest in aging and efforts to slow its progression has been growing recently. There has been a rise in awareness and purchasing behavior toward herbal beauty products. Citrus sinensis is known for its antiaging properties. Articles were sourced from PubMed and Google Scholar using two keyword combinations in English: (Sweet orange OR C. sinensis) AND (‘Skin aging’ OR Antiaging). The inclusion criteria were articles in English or Indonesian, available as free full texts, and published within the last ten years. In the eight articles included, C. sinensis extract significantly reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and improved the levels of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, it enhances collagen synthesis, inhibits elastase and collagenase activity, and increases skin hydration and elasticity by promoting hyaluronic acid production. While C. sinensis alone exhibits moderate antioxidant activity, we hypothesize that its effects can be amplified through synergistic combinations with compounds such as bakuchiol, curcumin, and silymarin. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and optimize formulations for antiaging skincare applications. This review is limited by the small number of studies included and the variability in study design and methodology, which may affect the generalizability of the results.