Suitability Assessment and Implementation Methodologies for Rural Waste Management of Selected Districts of Beijing

At present, with the increasing global awareness of sustainable development and environmental protection, significant attention has been directed toward the ecological living environment in rural areas. Selecting appropriate rural waste treatment methods is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of the rural ecological environment. Existing research reveals that, in certain regions—ecological conservation zones—there is a lack of targeted evaluation systems for rural waste treatment methods. Moreover, how regional characteristics can be integrated with quantitative assessment outcomes to inform specific treatment solutions remains relatively less explored. This study took Beigou Village in Huairou District, Beizhuang Town in Miyun District, Wangping Town in Mentougou District, and Dakezhuang Township in Yanqing District—all located within Beijing’s ecological conservation areas—as research subjects. It develops a suitability evaluation framework for rural waste treatment, encompassing five dimensions: economic investment, technological factors, environmental pollution, social benefits, and carbon emissions. This study combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the entropy weight method to determine indicator weights. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was then employed to calculate comprehensive scores and conduct a graded assessment. The evaluation results effectively differentiated the sample grades (e.g., Beigou Village received a comprehensive score of 2.373, rated as “Good”). Based on the evaluation results and field investigations, tailored solutions—including physical, thermal, recycling, and integrated treatment approaches—were proposed for each village and town. This study investigated the precise “evaluation–solution” matching for rural waste treatment in ecological conservation areas, demonstrating distinct novelty compared to previous research. It provides direct guidance for waste management in the four villages and towns within Beijing’s ecological conservation areas, thereby enhancing the efficiency of resource utilization in rural regions.