Jeomanyetik Olayların Senkron Generatörlerin Termal Kapasitesi ve Performansı Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Analizi

In this study, the effects of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), which occur in power transmission systems as a result of geomagnetic storms, on the performance parameters of synchronous generators were investigated. Parametric analyses were carried out under different grounding resistance values and GIC levels using a test system developed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The analyses revealed that GICs cause magnetic saturation in generator step-up transformers (GSUs), leading to increased harmonic components of magnetizing currents and elevated reactive power demand. This condition may result in thermal and structural issues such as rotor overheating, insulation degradation in field windings, and increased losses in synchronous generators. Furthermore, it was observed that low grounding resistance significantly amplifies harmonic distortion and reactive power demand, whereas higher resistance values help mitigate these effects. Additionally, instead of time-consuming detailed simulations, mathematical models were developed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to enable fast, reliable, and highly accurate predictions of GIC impacts. The results demonstrated that key performance parameters such as equivalent negative sequence current (I2eq), total harmonic distortion of generator current (THDIG), and reactive power demand (Q1) can be statistically modeled with respect to GIC levels and grounding resistance.