Exploring Provider Perspectives on Collaborative Drug Therapy Management: A Scoping Review of Factors Influencing Pharmacist‐Provider Collaboration

ABSTRACT Background Pharmacist‐led collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) has been shown to improve chronic disease outcomes, enhance patient quality of life, and reduce health care costs. However, the perspectives of health care providers on these pharmacist‐led services are not fully understood. The primary objective of this study was to examine literature published on the perceptions of CDTM relationships between pharmacists, physicians, and advanced practitioners, such as nurse practitioners and physician assistants. Methods This scoping review sought to identify literature examining provider perceptions of pharmacist‐led CDTM following the updated Arksey and O'Malley framework along with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Protocols and Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) for reporting guidelines. Studies were included if they were conducted in United States outpatient settings, written in English, and evaluated advanced pharmacy services such as CDTM, collaborative practice agreements, lab test ordering, or pharmacotherapy management. Studies were excluded if they focused on non‐pharmacy professions, institutional settings, or lacked data on provider perceptions. Screening, selection, and data extraction were performed using Covidence, an online systematic review platform. Results This study maps the available literature surrounding physicians' and advanced practitioners' perceptions of and influences on CDTM relationships with pharmacists, drawing from 16 studies that met inclusion criteria. Most studies yielded qualitative results from a variety of survey instruments. Overall, the literature highlights a variety of providers' general perceptions of pharmacists involved in the CDTM relationship, with many perceptions being positive. Additionally, these studies reported both facilitators and barriers to a successful CDTM relationship. Conclusion This review identifies provider perceptions, facilitators, and barriers to successful CDTM relationships. Gaps in literature identified through this review included limited studies utilizing validated instruments and variability in the surveys used to collect data. Future studies should utilize standardized methods to assess provider perceptions and target the identified barriers to successful CDTM relationships.