Biocompatible PLA/nHAp coatings for titanium implants fabricated by green electrospinning

Abstract Electrospun coatings are emerging as an alternative to conventional titanium-based implant surface modifications. Here, we developed poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) nanofibrous coatings deposited on titanium by electrospinning. A dimethyl carbonate/acetone (1:1 ratio) solvent system was adopted as a safer and sustainable alternative to toxic solvents. Scanning electron microscopy showed uniform fibers with diameters below 550 nm and coating thicknesses of 35–45 µm. FTIR spectra confirmed nHAp incorporation through characteristic phosphate bands. In vitro degradation revealed greater weight loss and more pronounced pH reduction for PLA/nHAp coatings. These green-fabricated bioactive coatings represent a promising strategy to enhance titanium implant integration. Graphical abstract