Glucosinolate Metabolism and Its Chemopreventive Effects

There are a significant number of studies that show that consuming fruits and vegetables rich in phytochemicals significantly reduces the risk of a range of chronic diseases. The beneficial effects of cruciferous vegetables, including broccoli, arugula, cauliflower, cabbage, and radishes, are predominantly ascribed to their glucosinolate (GLS) content. The cruciferous family includes two important edible genera: Brassica and Raphanus sativus (daikon radish). Today, more than 130 types of GLS have been identified, and the fact that GLS-containing plants exhibit significant nutraceutical properties has increased the importance of these plants as important functional foods worldwide. Due to these beneficial qualities, Brassica vegetables are cultivated in nearly 150 countries and rank among the top 10 financially valuable crops globally. This review briefly summarizes the synthesis, metabolism, and anticancer effects of glucosinolates, which have been shown to contribute positively to human health.