The lncrnas: innovative multifunctional players of drug resistance in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Despite substantial advancements in CRC therapies over recent decades, drug resistance continues to pose a significant challenge in effective treatment. This comprehensive review investigates the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the emergence of drug resistance in CRC. Specifically, we analyze the functions of lncRNAs, including HOTAIR and MALAT1, in key processes such as apoptosis, DNA damage response and repair, cancer stem cell regulation, and drug metabolism. By examining the structural and biogenetic characteristics of lncRNAs, this review elucidates their specific contributions to drug resistance. We provide novel insights into the therapeutic potential of targeting lncRNAs to mitigate drug resistance in CRC, thereby offering new perspectives on treatment strategies. Ultimately, this review highlights the clinical implications of lncRNA research, emphasizing their potential as targets for innovative therapeutic interventions in colorectal cancer.