Exploring the relationship between smartphone use diversity and depressive symptoms among older adults

Smartphone use diversity may mitigate depressive symptoms among older adults, particularly within specific subgroups. The identification of distinct usage patterns underscores the heterogeneity in digital engagement among older adults. These findings provide empirical support for technology-enabled mental health promotion interventions targeting older adults. Therefore, integrating digital literacy programs and diverse smartphone use initiatives into public health strategies aimed at enhancing mental well-being in aging populations is essential.