Chemical Stability and Bond Strength of Endodontic Sealers Exposed to Acidic, Alkaline and Protein‐Rich Environments: An In Vitro Investigation
The sealing performance of endodontic sealers may be influenced by environmental factors such as pH and blood-derived proteins. This in vitro study evaluated the effects of pH variation and protein contamination on calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) release and push-out bond strength (BS) of a calcium silicate-based sealer (Bio-C Sealer) and an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus). Standardised bovine root dentine discs were immersed for 28 days in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 5, 7 or 12, with or without 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Bio-C Sealer showed greater Ca<sup>2+</sup> release and conductivity than AH Plus, with enhanced ion release in acidic and reduced in alkaline pH. Both sealers exhibited decreased BS in non-neutral pH, though Bio-C Sealer was more affected by FBS. These findings suggest that pH and protein exposure significantly alter sealer performance, with bioceramic materials being more sensitive to environmental changes than epoxy resin-based sealers.
Authors
- Larissa Moreira Spinola de Castro Raucci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9048-9935)
- Victória Gabriela Louzada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7263-1301)
- Elias Daniel Covas Rodrigues (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9656-0348)
- Rudi M.R. Venter
- Antônio Secco Martorano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-9772)
- Walter Raucci Neto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2614-2122)
- Carlos Eduardo Saraiva Miranda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0409-2523)
Institutions
- Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (BR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Australian Endodontic Journal
- Published
- 2025-11-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70038
- Primary Topic
- Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior