Empowering Workplaces: How New Ways of Working Foster Organizational Citizenship Behaviors?

As organizations adopt novel work methodologies in response to technological advances and evolving priorities, new ways of working which characterized by flexible work arrangements, remote and hybrid models, digital collaboration tools, and a shift from presence-based to output-based management have emerged. It leads to the relationship of new ways of working and employee outcomes within these frameworks become crucial. This study investigates how new ways of working affect employee psychological well-being, work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior within the socio-cultural context of an Asian country, Vietnam. A quantitative approach was employed, using data from 331 Vietnamese employees, collected through non-probability sampling across sectors such as technology (electronics, information technology), services (marketing, healthcare, general services), education, and other sectors. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The findings reveal that new ways of working enhance work engagement, psychological well-being, and organizational citizenship behavior. Importantly, psychological well-being serves as a key mediating mechanism, reinforcing its centrality in promoting prosocial outcomes in flexible work environments. This study advances organizational behavior research by demonstrating how new ways of working indirectly foster organizational citizenship behavior through motivational and affective mechanisms, offering theoretical insights and practical guidance for optimizing employee outcomes in digitally evolving, culturally specific environments.