Ceramic membrane filtration of waters from Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates

This study evaluates the applicability and effectiveness of ceramic membrane filtration (CMPWT) for treating lake water and treated wastewater samples in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Water samples were collected from Mubazzarah Lake (geothermal water), Airport Lake, Ain Al Fayda, and Zakher Lake (treated municipal wastewater). All the samples exhibited high salinity and organic content, with total organic carbon (TOC) values reaching up to 25 mg/L in Zakher Lake, a value 10 times higher than that of typical natural lakes. The CMPWT system achieved up to 50% TOC reduction and complete removal of suspended solids, improving water clarity. However, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) increased rapidly, especially for Zakher Lake samples (up to 90 kPa within 10 min), indicating severe fouling. Coagulation with 100 mg/L polyaluminium chloride improved the TMP stability but did not fully eliminate fouling. These findings demonstrate that ceramic membrane filtration, when combined with robust pre-treatment methods such as biological filtration and ozonation, can provide a sustainable solution for water reclamation. This study’s results support the development of recreational and non-potable water reuse systems in arid settings such as the UAE. • CMPWT membrane reduced TOC in Zhaker Lake and geothermal waters. • Severe fouling in Zakher Lake water created operational challenges. • Biological filtration and ozonation are essential for stable membrane operation. • Results support recreational and non-potable water reuse in arid areas.