Why orthopaedics and trauma surgery loses part of its future workforce – a cross-sectional study of gender differences in medical students’ specialty choice

This study reveals a persistent gap between early interest in O&T and the structural realities that may shape students' long-term career decisions. This disconnect does not appear to stem from a lack of interest or ability but may be linked to perceived barriers such as rigid hierarchies, limited female representation, and exclusionary workplace cultures. Supporting future talent may therefore require attention to sustainable career paths, inclusive leadership, and visible efforts toward structural change.