Combination Strategies to Enhance Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Efficacy for Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
BCG-based combination therapies have emerged as a strategy to overcome BCG resistance and promote durable responses. Despite their promise, combination design is endless, and adoption remains challenging due to overlapping mechanisms of resistance, adverse events associated with systemic therapy and/or additional intravesical therapy, and financial burden. Long-term multiarm trials are needed for direct comparative analyses between combinations of agents to inform oncological efficacy, safety profile, and cost-effectiveness.
Authors
- Manish Kuchakulla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-6752)
- Jacob Lang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0956-3021)
- Eugene J. Pietzak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5121-5701)
- Gal Wald (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6438-0872)
- Mona Wahba
- Gopa Iyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5093-6099)
- Ao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6332-9915)
- Hassan Alkazemi
Institutions
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Journal of Urology
- Published
- 2025-11-21
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000004848
- Primary Topic
- Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00