Coumarinyl‐Thiazole Hybrids as Broad Spectrum Biologically Active Agents and Their Sustained Delivery Through Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Mat

Abstract Coumarinyl‐thiazole hybrid Schiff bases are well‐known for their broad biological activities, but their poor solubility and low bioavailability limit their therapeutic application. This study aimed to test their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities, wherein, the 3‐(2‐(5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxybenzylideneamino)thiazol‐4‐yl)‐2 H ‐chromen‐2‐one ( 4e ) emerged as most potent. The compound's low cytotoxicity (92.68% cell viability on NIH3T3 cells at 100 µg/mL) and strong anti‐inflammatory activity (57.36% protein denaturation inhibition) confirmed its potential. Subsequently , 4e was successfully incorporated into a cellulose acetate (CA) nanofiber mat via electrospinning (86.00 ± 1.30% encapsulation efficiency). The antibacterial activity of the composite mat was tested against S. aureus and E. faecalis , showing that the CA/ 4e composite retained its excellent antibacterial properties. The mat exhibited a high drug release capacity (88.29 ± 0.30% at pH 7.4), with an initial rapid release (28.31 ± 1.31%) designed for immediate symptomatic relief. In conclusion, the biocompatible CA/ 4e nanofiber mat presents an effective and promising transdermal drug delivery system for this potent coumarin derivative.