Functional Characteristics of Sulfated Chitosan Extracted from Squid Gladius: Insights into its Biomedical Potential

Abstract This study explores the physicochemical and biomedical properties of sulfated chitosan derived from the gladius of Doryteuthis sibogae . FTIR spectra showed characteristic peaks at 3298 cm −1 (O─H/N─H stretching), 1415 cm −1 (C─H bending), and 1238 cm −1 (S═O stretching), confirming successful sulfation while maintaining the polysaccharide framework. FESEM analysis revealed a porous, fractured morphology, indicating enhanced surface area suitable for biological interactions. XRD peaks at 2 θ = 39.1°, 22.4°, and 19.3° with a crystallinity index of 86.1% confirmed its semi‐crystalline and stable nature. Anticoagulant assays showed that at 100 µg mL −1 , sulfated chitosan increased APTT to 121 ± 3.52 s and PT to 73 ± 2.25 s, slightly lower than heparin's 156 ± 4.53 and 98 ± 2.25 s. Antioxidant evaluation showed dose‐dependent activity, with DPPH scavenging (14.08%–70.17%), superoxide radical inhibition (22.38%–83.19%), and Fe 2 ⁺ chelation (25.20%–115.60%). Antibacterial tests revealed strong inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus (15 ± 0.58 mm) and Vibrio cholerae (13 ± 1.25 mm). Overall, the marine‐derived sulfated chitosan demonstrated notable anticoagulant, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties, establishing it as a biocompatible and multifunctional biomaterial suitable for wound healing and thrombosis prevention.