Methylene Blue and Reactive Blue 19 Dyes Removal Using Titania and Graphite Based Composite

Abstract The rapid expansion of global industrialization has led to significant water pollution, primarily due to the discharge of wastewater containing organic contaminants like dyes, which are resistant to biodegradation and pose health risks. This study focuses on the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) and Reactive Blue 19 (RB 19) dyes using a cost‐effective titania–graphite oxide (GO‐TiO 2 ) composite synthesized via a modified sol–gel method. The composite was characterized using SEM, XRD, FT‐IR, and BET analysis, revealing its structural and textural properties. The study evaluated the sorption and photocatalytic efficiency of the composite in removing MB and RB 19 from water. Results showed that while the GO–TiO 2 composite had a larger surface area, pure GO exhibited higher sorption efficiency, likely due to the presence of surface functional groups. Photocatalytic activity under UV light was observed, with higher degradation rates for RB 19 compared to MB. The research highlights the potential of GO‐TiO 2 composites as an economical and environmentally friendly material for dye removal, though further optimization is needed to enhance its performance. The obtained composites show great photocatalytic efficiency up to 100% of photodegradation for low dye concentrations and high catalyst dose. Composites can be used up to three times without a significant decrease in activity.