Hybridization, high genetic diversity, and molecular evidence of drug resistance to albendazole and levamisole in Haemonchus populations infecting goats in Thailand

This study revealed the hybrid form of H. contortus and H. placei in goats, high genetic diversity of H. contortus populations, and the presence of albendazole and levamisole resistance. The growing challenge of drug resistance and hybridization in Haemonchus populations demonstrates the urgent need for regulated drug use and the implementation of sustainable management practices.