Ecological and climatic significance of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) Beyond Algal Bloom: A comprehensive review

Algal blooms contribute significantly to dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) formation. The distribution and products of DMSP play a vital role in the marine food chain and global climate regulation. Understanding these processes can help in clarifying the oceanic factors involved in cooling the planet. Dimethysulfide (DMS) produced by the breakdown of DMSP, is one of the largest natural sources of biogenic sulfur in the atmosphere and serve as the primary precursor for the formation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). This process acts as a crucial link between marine biological processes and atmospheric chemistry through the marine sulfur cycle. The degradation product of DMSP contribute to microbial carbon production and oceanic pH levels, thereby promoting the growth of phytoplankton. This review focuses on the positive aspects of algal bloom, in particular DMSP production and its various roles in the ecosystem. DMSP-producing organisms, their distribution, source, fate, and their effects on the ecosystem are widely discussed.