NLESO based integrated flexible planning method for AC/DC hybrid microgrid

To address the impact of faults in the planning process of AC/DC hybrid microgrids and achieve integrated and flexible planning, an integrated flexible planning method based on a Nonlinear Extended State Observer (NLESO) is proposed for AC/DC hybrid microgrids. The general structure of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid is analyzed, a mathematical model of the bidirectional AC/DC converter is established, and an optimization model for the AC/DC hybrid microgrid is formulated. With the minimum sum of voltage fluctuations in the hybrid microgrid as the objective function, constraints are defined, and the objective function is solved using particle swarm optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method maintains the voltage amplitude at each node above 0.96 p.u. at all times, ensuring local voltage stability and reducing the microgrid’s operating cost. The annual overall cost is reduced by 318,600 yuan, representing a decrease of approximately 2.37%.