Prevalence and Risk Factors for Myopia in Primary School Children in Madrid: A School-Based Cycloplegic Refraction Study
This large school-based study using cycloplegic refraction provides more accurate prevalence data for Spanish schoolchildren. It confirms family history as a major risk factor and highlights the association of outdoor activities with lower prevalence of myopia. These results underline the need for preventive measures and suggest areas for future interventional research.
Authors
- M. Nieves-Moreno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-0880)
- Patricia Fernández‐Robredo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3626-6030)
- María Alarcón-Tomas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-1199)
- P. Gómez de Liaño (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8206-6019)
- Sergio Recalde (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-9725)
- Sara Llorente‐González (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-4757)
- Gonzalo Carracedo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-1731)
- Susana Noval (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4108-2383)
- Sara Gutierrez-Jorrin
- Laura Batres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9753-7696)
- David P. Piñero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1546-4807)
- Paulina Dotor-Goytia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6033-1356)
- Monica Lovera-Rivas
- Javier García-da-Silva
- Blanca Díaz-Vega
- Macarena Dosal-Franco
Institutions
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- University of Alicante (ES)
- Hospital Universitario La Paz (ES)
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (ES)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (ES)
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (ES)
- Association for Research and Industrial Development of Natural Resources (ES)
- Clinica Universidad de Navarra (ES)
- Thales (Spain) (ES)
- Iberia (Spain) (ES)
- Sociedad Española de Cardiología (ES)
- Universidad de Navarra (ES)
Publication Details
- Journal
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Published
- 2025-11-21
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22121766
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.35
Funders
- Universidad de Navarra