Aguda/Afro-Brazilian architectural heritage in the bight of Benin

It is frequently impossible to draw a direct connection between the horrifying eighteenth-century transatlantic slave trade, in which millions of Africans were forcefully transported and sold into slavery in Latin America, and architecture or place-making, particularly when considering African contexts. However, the contribution to the socio-economic development and creation of a new building style known as Aguda, or Afro-Brazilian architecture, across the Bight of Benin region, where many of the formerly enslaved peoples who relocated back and settled after the abolition of slavery in Brazil, presents an interesting example of architectural heritage with rich meaning and value. This essay will critically examine the Bight of Benin region’s Aguda architecture design processes via the lenses of history, socioeconomics, the environment, with a focus on comprehending the characteristics of architectural buildings at the urban scale and the influence of Porto-Novo and Lagos as case studies. The typology of this architectural style, its relationship to collective memories, and the tangible components that enshrine social value and significance will be scrutinised via examination of both its African and Brazilian influences. Also the fast urbanisation of Porto-Novo shows that the material degradation of these buildings, lack of investment, effects of climate change induced weather events and other effects are putting these historic buildings in danger of disappearing. This essay is a part of an ongoing digital documentation and archiving of these buildings as a digital preservation effort using LIDAR scanning, ArcGIS tools and social participation of local stakeholders and building custodians.