Evolutionary Game Analysis for Regional Collaborative Supply Chain Innovation Under Geospatial Restructuring

Regional economic diversity and unevenly allocated space-based resources have created unprecedented difficulties for collaborative and innovative supply chain construction. This paper sets up a tripartite evolutionary model of the government, upstream companies, and downstream companies to explore dynamic processes of regional supply chain collaborative innovation with bounded rationality. Through incorporation of hierarchical space organizations and policy incentive differentiation mechanisms, the model discerns actors’ behavioral evolution and strategic adjustment in a geographically divided structure. Adopting evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation, this paper includes crucial parameters like the conversion efficiency of return conversion, information-sharing coefficient, mutual trust coefficient, and fiscal subsidy coefficient for examining policy and spatial heterogeneity effects on information collaborative innovations. The results reveal that fiscal incentives are the primary driving factor for collaborative evolution across local supply chains. Adaptive profit-sharing and subsidy intensities both stimulate upstream innovation investments and downstream cooperation adoption efficiently, stimulating a shift out of inefficient equilibrium states towards sustainable high-cooperation states. Furthermore, the restructuring of space accelerates hierarchical differentiation—core region companies are able to act like initiators and leaders for collaborative innovations, while periphery companies encounter participatory barriers in terms of elevated coordination costs and incentive shortages. In light of this, it is therefore crucial to have a “core-driven, periphery-subsidized” policy system for eliminating spatial gaps, stimulating cross-regional information exchange, and building systemic robustness. These findings contribute to enhancing the overall efficiency, stability, and innovation capacity of regional supply chain systems. They also provide a theoretical basis for policy decision making and industrial upgrading across regions of varying scales and environments.