Biomechanical Model of Non-Contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Concerning Shin Angle and Field Surface Traction Parameters—With a Piezo2 Interpretation

The landing posture when the knee is fully extended during landing is highly unfortunate for the ACL, compared to when the knee is partially flexed. If the knee is fully extended, greater hip abduction will increase the risk of an ACL injury, and if the surface is more slippery, e.g., the surface is wet, the possibility of ACL injury is even greater. In addition, we also applied a molecular working hypothesis through acquired Piezo2 channelopathy theory, as the proposed preceding neuromuscular disruptor prior to non-contact ACL injury.