Effect of Biochar Application and Re-Application on Soil Water Content, Temperature, Bulk Density: Insights from 2017 and 2018

Abstract The study explores the impact of biochar application and re-application on soil properties such as water content, temperature, and bulk density over two years (2017 and 2018). The research was conducted at the Slovak Agricultural University of Nitra (Slovakia), where different treatments with biochar and nitrogen fertilizers were applied to the soil. The methods included measuring soil water content, temperature, and bulk density at regular intervals. Results indicated that biochar application significantly improved soil water content and temperature regulation, with higher biochar rates yielding better outcomes. Biochar also reduced soil bulk density, enhanced soil structure, and fertility. Re-application of biochar showed further improvements, underscoring its long-term benefits. It concludes that biochar is a promising amendment for sustainable agriculture, offering enhanced water retention, improved soil health, and reduced dependence on chemical fertilizers. These findings provide valuable insights for soil management practices aimed at mitigating soil degradation and promoting agricultural sustainability.