Uncovering the Teamwork Competencies for Multi-Team Systems Operating in Extreme Environments

Conventional teamwork theories are insufficient for understanding multiteam systems (MTSs), especially in extreme environments. These high-pressure environments amplify the challenges faced by MTSs, raising important concerns about how MTSs operate in such conditions to achieve safety and other performance outcomes. To address this, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to develop a deeper understanding of MTSs operating in extreme environments. Additionally, we employed a thematic analysis to understand MTS attributes in these environments and uncover teamwork competencies involved in these structures, and developed a conceptual framework to highlight these findings. Finally, this work provides recommendations for future research.