T cell cholesterol transport is a metabolic checkpoint that links intestinal immune responses to dietary lipid absorption 2108

Abstract Description The intrinsic pathways that control membrane organization in immune cells and the impact of such pathways on cellular function are not well defined. Here we report that the non-vesicular cholesterol transporter Aster-A links plasma membrane (PM) cholesterol availability in T cells to immune signaling and systemic metabolism. Aster-A is recruited to the PM during T-cell receptor (TCR) activation, where it facilitates the removal of newly generated “accessible” membrane cholesterol. Loss of Aster-A leads to excess PM cholesterol accumulation, resulting in enhanced TCR nano-clustering and signaling, and Th17 cytokine production. Finally, we show that the mucosal Th17 response is restrained by PM cholesterol remodeling. Ablation of Aster-A in T cells leads to enhanced IL-22 production, reduced intestinal fatty acid absorption, and resistance to diet-induced obesity. These findings delineate a multi-tiered regulatory scheme linking immune cell lipid flux to nutrient absorption and systemic physiology. Funding Sources Supported by Damon Runyon Foundation/The Mark Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship DRG-2424-21 and NIH/NCATS UL1TR001881; AHA Postdoctoral Fellowship 903306 and 18POST34030388; NIH CDI K12 07012023; ADA Postdoctoral fellowship 1-19-PDF-043-RA; NIH T32 DK007180 and K08DK136706; NIH F30 DK134050; NIH R01 DK126779, R01 HL175773, and Leducq Foundation Transatlantic Network of Excellence 19CDV04. Topic Categories Mucosal and Regional Immunology (MUC)