Changes to the World Health Organization Classification for Pediatric Brain and Spine Tumors

Published in 2021, the 5th edition of the World Health Organization central nervous system tumor classification introduced major changes to the categorization of pediatric brain and spinal cord tumors. Greater focus has been placed on the integration of molecular genetics, highlighting its emerging importance in the diagnosis, prognostication, and targeted therapy of these tumors. New molecularly defined tumors, reclassification of existing tumors, and revised nomenclature are discussed in this article, and subsequent articles provide further information on this new central nervous system tumor landscape in pediatric neuroradiology.