Tensegrity metamaterial-based shear band structure for non-pneumatic tires

• A novel shear band design method based on tensegrity metamaterial is proposed. • Decoupling of compressive and shear stiffness of the shear band is achieved. • An on-demand optimization framework for tire performance is developed. Non-pneumatic tires (NPTs) represent a revolutionary advancement in the tire industry, owing to their puncture-proof nature and high design flexibility. To achieve both high load-bearing capability and low, evenly distributed ground pressure, the shear band structure of NPTs must balance high compressive stiffness with shear flexibility. To address this challenge, this work proposes a novel shear band structure based on tensegrity metamaterials. By adjusting the stiffness of two types of springs, the proposed shear band enables independent control of its compressive and shear stiffness. The shear band is subsequently integrated with various types of spokes, and the effects of multiple design parameters on the tire’s load-bearing capacity, peak material stress, and contact pressure are systematically analyzed. To achieve performance customization, a Bayesian optimization framework is developed to autonomously explore parameter sets that satisfy performance requirements while minimizing stress and contact pressure. Finally, the feasibility of the tensegrity metamaterial-based shear band design is validated through its successful integration into a four-wheel-drive vehicle model. The proposed shear band offers a new approach for the customized performance and practical application of NPTs.