Design of clean water treatment installation for remote rural Borneo regency with consideration of peat soil conditions

This study addresses the fundamental need for clean water infrastructure in Semangau Village, Sambas District, through comprehensive engineering design of a water treatment installation. The research employs a quantitative descriptive methodology incorporating technical engineering studies, including field surveys, raw water quality testing, water demand calculations, and systematic treatment system design. The planning horizon spans 20 years (2023-2043), with population projections indicating growth from 1,844 residents in 2023 to 2,640 by 2043, generating a maximum daily water demand of 3.19 liters/second that establishes the design capacity. Laboratory analysis revealed critical quality deficiencies, with seven parameters exceeding permissible standards: Escherichia coli, Total Coliforms, turbidity, color, Chromium (VI), Iron, and Manganese, necessitating comprehensive treatment intervention. The proposed engineering solution consists of a complete conventional treatment installation incorporating sequential processes: intake structure, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, chlorine disinfection, and reservoir storage. This multi-barrier approach addresses microbiological and physicochemical contamination while considering unique geotechnical challenges of peat soil conditions prevalent in Borneo regions. The design provides a technically sound solution that is economically viable through local material utilization and environmentally sustainable using simple, non-hazardous natural materials for rural clean water supply, supporting improved public health outcomes and regional development objectives.