Pain neuroscience education combined with any singular form of physical therapy intervention is not more effective than the single intervention itself: a systematic review

Few RCTs with verifiable research integrity can be accurately assessed for external validity, internal validity, and confidence in the estimated effects. These RCTs exhibit high methodological heterogeneity, feature numerous primary outcomes, and make conclusions exclusively based on statistical significance. There is no reliable evidence that PNE used in conjunction with any singular form of PT intervention is more effective than the single intervention itself in patients where pain and function are their primary concerns.