Ultrafast ps–TALIF and streak camera diagnostics of atomic hydrogen in a helium microplasma jet

Abstract Picosecond two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (ps–TALIF) is combined with a streak camera (∼1 ps highest temporal resolution) to probe the effective lifetime ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) and absolute density ( N H ) of atomic hydrogen in the effluent of a helium atmospheric-pressure microplasma jet ( μ APPJ). This approach allows for improved temporal resolution compared to conventional nanosecond diagnostics, enabling measurements of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> as small as 50 ps, the corresponding N H reaching down to 10 14 cm −3 . Atomic densities are calibrated by performing identical ps–TALIF measurements in krypton gas contained in a custom-built low-pressure cuvette. Physical mechanisms that may be involved in the TALIF scheme such as photoionisation (PIN) and/or stimulated emission (SE) are also assessed, ensuring reliable studies. The determined <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and N H increase with the helium flow rate ( Q He ) in the range Q He = 0.3–1 slm. Both quantities are maximised near the exit nozzle of the μ APPJ, obtaining values below 400 ps and 6 × 10 14 cm −3 , respectively. As the axial distance increases, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> declines with a rate of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>≈</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> 65 ps mm −1 for Q He = 1 slm which is about 3 times smaller than for Q He = 0.3 slm. These findings reveal a strong correlation between the experimentally-measured <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mm

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Journal
Journal of Physics D Applied Physics
Published
2025-11-20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ae21ec
Primary Topic
Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
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article

Ultrafast ps–TALIF and streak camera diagnostics of atomic hydrogen in a helium microplasma jet

J. Santos Sousa, Dimitrios Stefas, Swaminathan Prasanna, Charalambos Anastassiou et al.
Journal of Physics D Applied Physics
Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
article

Ultrafast ps–TALIF and streak camera diagnostics of atomic hydrogen in a helium microplasma jet

J. Santos Sousa, Dimitrios Stefas, Swaminathan Prasanna, Charalambos Anastassiou, Joachim Franzke, Kristaq Gazeli, Laurent Invernizzi, G. Lombardi, Yanis Agha
article en

Abstract

Abstract Picosecond two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (ps–TALIF) is combined with a streak camera (∼1 ps highest temporal resolution) to probe the effective lifetime ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) and absolute density ( N H ) of atomic hydrogen in the effluent of a helium atmospheric-pressure microplasma jet ( μ APPJ). This approach allows for improved temporal resolution compared to conventional nanosecond diagnostics, enabling measurements of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> as small as 50 ps, the corresponding N H reaching down to 10 14 cm −3 . Atomic densities are calibrated by performing identical ps–TALIF measurements in krypton gas contained in a custom-built low-pressure cuvette. Physical mechanisms that may be involved in the TALIF scheme such as photoionisation (PIN) and/or stimulated emission (SE) are also assessed, ensuring reliable studies. The determined <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and N H increase with the helium flow rate ( Q He ) in the range Q He = 0.3–1 slm. Both quantities are maximised near the exit nozzle of the μ APPJ, obtaining values below 400 ps and 6 × 10 14 cm −3 , respectively. As the axial distance increases, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> declines with a rate of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>≈</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> 65 ps mm −1 for Q He = 1 slm which is about 3 times smaller than for Q He = 0.3 slm. These findings reveal a strong correlation between the experimentally-measured <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>eff</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mm

Journal of Physics D Applied PhysicsVol. 58(49)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), University of Cyprus (CY), Sorbonne Université (FR), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord (FR), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (FR), Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences - ISAS (DE), Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas (FR)
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Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
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