Simplified Meal Bolus Strategies with Control-IQ+ Automated Insulin Delivery Are Safe and Effective in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To characterize simplified meal bolus strategies in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes using automated insulin delivery (AID). <b><i>Research Design and Methods:</i></b> In the 2IQP study, a 13-week randomized, controlled trial comparing Control-IQ+ AID to continuation of pre-study insulin regimen with continuous glucose monitoring, 201 participants in the AID arm were classified by meal bolus strategy. Glycemic outcomes were compared to baseline. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 68 participants' meal bolus strategies (33.8%) were classified as Carbohydrate Counting, 79 (39.3%) were classified as Preset Carbohydrate Amounts, 27 (13.4%) were classified as Fixed Insulin Doses, and 27 (13.4%) as Other Methods. All bolus strategies were associated with similar, significant improvements in HbA1c from baseline: -0.9% for Carbohydrate Counting (<i>P</i> < 0.001), -1.1% for Preset Carbohydrate Amounts (<i>P</i> < 0.001), -0.8% for Fixed Insulin Doses (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and -0.9% for Other Methods (<i>P</i> = 0.003). Hypoglycemia rates were low at baseline and remained low for all bolus strategies. As participants gained experience with the Control-IQ+ AID system, more participants opted to use a simplified bolus strategy in the second half of the study compared with the first half (63% vs. 52%). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Simplified bolus strategies worked well for adults with type 2 diabetes using Control-IQ+ in the 2IQP trial. All bolus strategies led to substantial HbA1c improvements, without safety concerns.

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Publication Details

Journal
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
Published
2025-11-20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/15209156251395035
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Diabetes Management and Research
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article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.29
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article

Simplified Meal Bolus Strategies with Control-IQ+ Automated Insulin Delivery Are Safe and Effective in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Carol J. Levy, Tamara Spaic, Lauren Kanapka, Victor M. Lu et al.
1 citations
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
Diabetes Management and Research
1.29
article

Simplified Meal Bolus Strategies with Control-IQ+ Automated Insulin Delivery Are Safe and Effective in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Carol J. Levy, Tamara Spaic, Lauren Kanapka, Victor M. Lu, Devin Steenkamp, Jordan E. Pinsker, Stanley L. Marks, Roy W. Beck, John W. Lum, Peter Zhao, Sue A. Brown
article en
1 citations

Abstract

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To characterize simplified meal bolus strategies in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes using automated insulin delivery (AID). <b><i>Research Design and Methods:</i></b> In the 2IQP study, a 13-week randomized, controlled trial comparing Control-IQ+ AID to continuation of pre-study insulin regimen with continuous glucose monitoring, 201 participants in the AID arm were classified by meal bolus strategy. Glycemic outcomes were compared to baseline. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 68 participants' meal bolus strategies (33.8%) were classified as Carbohydrate Counting, 79 (39.3%) were classified as Preset Carbohydrate Amounts, 27 (13.4%) were classified as Fixed Insulin Doses, and 27 (13.4%) as Other Methods. All bolus strategies were associated with similar, significant improvements in HbA1c from baseline: -0.9% for Carbohydrate Counting (<i>P</i> < 0.001), -1.1% for Preset Carbohydrate Amounts (<i>P</i> < 0.001), -0.8% for Fixed Insulin Doses (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and -0.9% for Other Methods (<i>P</i> = 0.003). Hypoglycemia rates were low at baseline and remained low for all bolus strategies. As participants gained experience with the Control-IQ+ AID system, more participants opted to use a simplified bolus strategy in the second half of the study compared with the first half (63% vs. 52%). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Simplified bolus strategies worked well for adults with type 2 diabetes using Control-IQ+ in the 2IQP trial. All bolus strategies led to substantial HbA1c improvements, without safety concerns.

Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
Boston University (US), Boston Medical Center (US), Rainier Clinical Research Center (US), Tandem Diabetes Care (United States) (US), Jaeb Center for Health Research (US), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 13%
Diabetes Management and Research
1.29
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