Penile Septal Haematoma: A Case Report and Narrative Review of a Rare Urological Condition

Penile septal haematoma is a rare form of penile trauma characterised by localised blood accumulation within the intercorporeal septum, without complete tunica albuginea rupture. Unlike classic penile fractures that present with a 'popping' sound, immediate detumescence, and significant swelling, septal haematomas usually manifest more subtly, with penile discomfort, a palpable mass, or delayed curvature. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound are crucial in distinguishing septal haematomas from other conditions, including Peyronie's disease and penile neoplasms. Treatment options range from conservative management to surgical intervention, though there is no established consensus on best practice. This report presents the case of a 34-year-old male with a penile septal haematoma following sexual intercourse, illustrating the diagnostic and management considerations. As high-resolution imaging becomes more widely utilised, earlier detection may lead to improved patient outcomes. However, further research is needed to determine optimal treatment strategies and assess long-term functional outcomes. Recognising penile septal haematoma as a distinct clinical entity can aid in early diagnosis and appropriate management, potentially reducing complications such as fibrosis, penile deformity, and erectile dysfunction. This report also reviews the existing limited literature on penile septal haematoma, highlighting its clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies.