Optimal placement of DSTATCOMs and PID tuned controller in IEEE bus system for enhanced voltage stability and power loss reduction under RES integration using hybrid BWO-SSA algorithm

This paper provides an optimal method for cell location of DSTATCOMs as well as TCSCs in an IEEE bus network to improve voltage stability and power losses, especially dealing with RES, such as PV arrays and wind turbines. The placement optimization problem is solved using a new hybrid optimization framework (Blue Whale Optimization (BWO) combined with Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA)) in a way that optimization of DSTATCOM and TCSC locations is performed simultaneously while explicitly addressing the uncertainties due to RES mentalities. In addition, a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control system with a lower limit smooth filter is employed for real-time reactive grid compensation, further enhancing the system's stability. The multi-objective optimization forms the constraints and the objective of the problem by combining the optimization of cost with the simultaneous minimization of power losses and voltage deviation. The convergence performance of the hybrid BWO-SSA algorithm is significantly enhanced with the upgraded convergence, yielding a 45.2% improvement compared to the separate BWO and SSA algorithms. Simulation results show improved strategies considerably in terms of the voltage stability (a 42.10% reduction in deviation and a 46.85% reduction in voltage violations). Both the TCSCs and the PID controller, as well as the DSTATCOMs, are integrated together to improve the overall efficiency of the system, making the proposed methodology very effective in the fluctuating operating conditions typical of renewable energy sources. • Optimal distribution of Distribution Static Compensators (DSTATCOMs) within power systems. • Promising applications in renewable energy system combined with Photovoltaic (PV) systems and Wind Turbines (WT). • Power loss reduced by 42.1%, from 1.2924 MW to 0.7483 MW, through DSTATCOM placement. • Voltage deviation lowered by 27.05%, enhancing overall system performance with DSTATCOM integration.